Home / Research library / AICAR
AICAR: molecular data, studies & sources
AICAR is catalogued here as a research compound. This profile brings together the molecular source record, selected indexed publications and available supplier comparisons. Evidence for a named substance does not authenticate a commercial product.
Compiled by PeptideTech Editors · Sources checked · Selected bibliography, not a systematic review
Molecular formula, weight & structure
- Molecular formula (MF)
- C9H14N4O5
- Molecular weight (MW)
- 258.23 g/mol
- PubChem compound ID
- 17513
- Record title
- Acadesine
AICAR is an ambiguous abbreviation. This profile shows acadesine (AICA riboside), CID 17513, not its phosphorylated metabolite AICA ribotide (CID 65110). Confirm which identity the supplier specifies.
Source: PubChem CID 17513 · retrieved 2026-09-21
Chemical identifiers and source data
- IUPAC name
- 5-amino-1-[(2R,3R,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]imidazole-4-carboxamide
- InChIKey
- RTRQQBHATOEIAF-UUOKFMHZSA-N
- SMILES
- C1=NC(=C(N1[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)N)C(=O)N
Identifiers
- PubChem CID
- 17513
- CAS Registry Number
- 2627-69-2via ChemIDplus, EPA DSSTox, FDA GSRS
- FDA UNII
- 53IEF47846
- ChEMBL ID
- CHEMBL1551724
- InChIKey
- RTRQQBHATOEIAF-UUOKFMHZSA-N
- Wikidata
- Q4671562
Other names and development codes: GP-1-110 · NSC-105823
CAS numbers are published only from ChemIDplus, EPA DSSTox or the FDA Global Substance Registration System; UNII codes are confirmed in FDA GSRS by structure, sequence or exact name. Checked 2026-10-07.
Calculated molecular descriptors
| Monoisotopic (exact) mass | 258.0964 Da |
|---|---|
| Heavy atoms | 18 |
| Hydrogen-bond donors | 5 |
| Hydrogen-bond acceptors | 7 |
| Rotatable bonds | 3 |
| Topological polar surface area | 156.9 Ų |
| Calculated logP (Crippen) | -2.82 |
| Rings | 2 |
| Stereocenters | 4 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
Computed with RDKit from the published SMILES (Crippen logP, topological polar surface area). Calculated descriptors are not measured properties of a supplied batch.
US regulatory status & drug development
Drug development record (ChEMBL)
Harmonized drug-development record from ChEMBL. The highest clinical stage is the furthest stage reached, as recorded by ChEMBL; it can lag regulatory approvals, and it is not an approval of a research-supplier product.
- ChEMBL ID
- CHEMBL1551724
- Modality
- Small molecule
- Highest clinical stage
- Phase 3
- Record name
- ACADESINE
Mechanism of action
- AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK activator · target: AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK (PRKAA1)
Synonyms, codes and trade names
- Synonyms and development codes
- Acadesine · GP-1-110 · NSC-105823
Identity check: Identical standard InChIKey to the PubChem record. Source: ChEMBL CHEMBL1551724 (EMBL-EBI, CC BY-SA 3.0) · retrieved 2026-10-07
Registered clinical trials
Studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov that list AICAR as an intervention. Studies that only measure the molecule as a biomarker, or use it only as a comparator or background arm for another drug, are excluded. A registration describes a planned or completed protocol; it does not report a result. Active studies are listed first.
4 registered studies matched, 1 with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov.
- By highest phase
- Phase 3 · 1Phase 2 · 2Not applicable · 1
- By registry status
- Completed · 2Terminated · 2
| Study | Phase · status | Conditions | Sponsor · size |
|---|---|---|---|
| GFM-Acadesine: A Phase I-II Trial of AcadesineNCT01813838 · start 2013-06 · primary completion 2013-06 | Phase 1 / Phase 2TerminatedWhy stopped: Renal toxicity | SMD | Groupe Francophone des Myelodysplasies5 participants |
| The Effect Of Acadesine On Reducing Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Adverse Events In Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Surgery (Study P05633 AM1)(TERMINATED)NCT00872001 · start 2009-04 · primary completion 2010-10 | Phase 3TerminatedResults posted 2012-12-20 | Coronary Artery Bypass · Myocardial Infarction · Ventricular Dysfunction, Left · Stroke · Cardiopulmonary Bypass | Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC3080 participants |
| Safety and Tolerability Open Label Dose Escalation Study of Acadesine in B-CLL PatientsNCT00559624 · start 2007-12 · primary completion 2010-12 | Phase 1 / Phase 2Completed | Leukemia, B-Cell, Chronic | Advancell - Advanced In Vitro Cell Technologies, S.A.40 participants |
| Contraction (Exercise) Mediated Glucose Uptake as a Therapeutic Target in Type 2 DiabetesNCT00168519 · start 2002-10 | Not applicableCompleted | Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | Baker Heart Research Institute40 participants |
Registry check 2026-10-09 · Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Human intervention studies
Selected studies in which participants received AICAR, with their indexed or reviewed study type. Check the original article for the formulation, population and controls. Studies that only measured the molecule, or used it as a comparator, are listed separately below and are not counted as intervention studies.
- Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants
Effect of acadesine, a new metabolic agent, on exercise-induced myocardial ischemia in chronic stable angina.
Holdright DR, Sparrow JL, Wright CL et al. · Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 1994
PMID 7918131 · DOI: 10.1007/BF00877327
- Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants
Acadesine for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): a multicenter phase I/II study.
Van Den Neste E, Cazin B, Janssens A et al. · Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology · 2013
PMID 23228986 · DOI: 10.1007/s00280-012-2033-5
- Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants
AICA-riboside: safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of a novel adenosine-regulating agent.
Dixon R, Gourzis J, McDermott D et al. · Journal of clinical pharmacology · 1991
PMID 2037706 · DOI: 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03715.x
Preclinical research, reviews & other publications
Animal studies, laboratory experiments, reviews and other indexed papers answer different questions. A review is secondary evidence; a case report does not estimate how often an outcome occurs.
- Review · secondary evidence
AICA-riboside (acadesine), an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase with potential for application in hematologic malignancies.
Van Den Neste E, Van den Berghe G, Bontemps F et al. · Expert opinion on investigational drugs · 2010
PMID 20367195 · DOI: 10.1517/13543781003703694
AICAR supplier sources
Scientific sources describe molecules and experiments. The commercial links below identify recorded supplier packages. A publication or chemical database entry does not verify the seller, purity, sterility or contents of a lot. Some links are affiliate links; see our disclosure.
AICAR for sale: compare prices, sizes and forms from every tracked supplier →
| Supplier | Recorded packages | Example source listing |
|---|---|---|
| Amino USAUSD | 50mg Vial1 recorded offers | 50mg Vial · $45.00Checked Oct 13, 2026Supplier listing, AICAR 50mg Vial, Amino USA, opens in a new tab |
| Cenexa LabsUSD | 50mg Vial1 recorded offers | 50mg Vial · $64.99Checked Oct 13, 2026Supplier listing, AICAR 50mg Vial, Cenexa Labs, opens in a new tab |
Reference sources & further reading
- PubChem compound record 17513 — chemical identity and structure.
- ChEMBL drug record CHEMBL1551724 — development stage, mechanism and synonyms.
- FDA Global Substance Registration System: UNII 53IEF47846 — substance identity, names and codes.
- Wikipedia: Acadesine — Background encyclopedia; not a primary clinical source.
The citations above link directly to publication records. Encyclopedia links are background reading and are not used to establish clinical effectiveness.
Search for additional research
These links run searches; their results have not been individually reviewed and can include unrelated compounds.
Research information is not a dosing guide or a recommendation for personal use. Study findings are specific to the formulation, population and methods tested. Read our source and correction policy.
Related research profiles
ACE-031
Molecular identity needs further verification
3 selected publications · 2 human intervention studies · 4 registered trials
Adipotide
C111H206N36O28S2
2557.2 g/mol · PubChem CID 163360068
1 selected publication · 0 human intervention studies
B7-33
Molecular identity needs further verification
4 selected publications · 0 human intervention studies
BAM15 Capsules
Molecular identity needs further verification
8 selected publications · 0 human intervention studies
Dermorphin
C40H50N8O10
802.9 g/mol · PubChem CID 5485199
1 selected publication · 1 human intervention study
Enclomiphene
C26H28ClNO
406.0 g/mol · PubChem CID 1548953
5 selected publications · 3 human intervention studies · 22 registered trials
Small molecule · highest stage: Phase 3