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PT-141: molecular data, studies & sources

PT-141 is catalogued here as a research compound. This profile brings together the molecular source record, selected indexed publications and available supplier comparisons. Evidence for a named substance does not authenticate a commercial product.

Compiled by PeptideTech Editors · Sources checked · Selected bibliography, not a systematic review

Molecular formula, weight & structure

Molecular formula (MF)
C50H68N14O10
Molecular weight (MW)
1025.2 g/mol
PubChem compound ID
9941379
Record title
Bremelanotide

Values describe the selected PubChem molecular entity. Counterions, salt forms, hydration and sequence changes can alter the supplied material. Confirm the exact identity against the supplier specification.

Source: PubChem CID 9941379 · retrieved 2026-09-21

2D molecular structure for PT-141, PubChem CID 9941379
2D depiction from PubChem. Open to inspect the full image. This drawing represents the selected record, not a vendor batch test.
Chemical identifiers and source data
IUPAC name
(3S,6S,9R,12S,15S,23S)-15-[[(2S)-2-acetamidohexanoyl]amino]-9-benzyl-6-[3-(diaminomethylideneamino)propyl]-12-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethyl)-3-(1H-indol-3-ylmethyl)-2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxo-1,4,7,10,13,18-hexazacyclotricosane-23-carboxylic acid
InChIKey
FFHBJDQSGDNCIV-MFVUMRCOSA-N
SMILES
CCCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H]1CC(=O)NCCCC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC1=O)CC2=CN=CN2)CC3=CC=CC=C3)CCCN=C(N)N)CC4=CNC5=CC=CC=C54)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C
Machine-readable PubChem source

Identifiers & sequence

PubChem CID
9941379
CAS Registry Number
189691-06-3via ChemIDplus, EPA DSSTox, FDA GSRS
FDA UNII
6Y24O4F92S
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL2070241
InChIKey
FFHBJDQSGDNCIV-MFVUMRCOSA-N
Wikidata
Q415353

Other names and development codes: PT-141 FREE BASE

Peptide sequence · 7 residues (one-letter code; X marks a residue without a one-letter code)

XDHFRWK

Condensed notation with terminal groups and non-standard residues

Ac-Nle-Asp(1)-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Lys(1)-OH

Source: PubChem Biologic Line Notation. A reference sequence for the record, not an analysis of a supplied batch.

CAS numbers are published only from ChemIDplus, EPA DSSTox or the FDA Global Substance Registration System; UNII codes are confirmed in FDA GSRS by structure, sequence or exact name. Checked 2026-10-07.

Calculated molecular descriptors
Monoisotopic (exact) mass1024.5243 Da
Heavy atoms74
Hydrogen-bond donors13
Hydrogen-bond acceptors11
Rotatable bonds17
Topological polar surface area379.0 Ų
Calculated logP (Crippen)-0.65
Rings5
Stereocenters7
Formal charge0

Computed with RDKit from the published SMILES (Crippen logP, topological polar surface area). Calculated descriptors are not measured properties of a supplied batch.

US regulatory status & drug development

PT-141 (bremelanotide; listed as bremelanotide acetate) is the active ingredient of VYLEESI, approved by the FDA under NDA 210557 (COSETTE) on June 21, 2019; Drugs@FDA lists it as a marketed prescription product (checked October 7, 2026). Research-labelled PT-141 listings are not VYLEESI and are not FDA-approved drugs.

FDA-approved medicines with the same active ingredient (Drugs@FDA)
MedicineApplicationSponsorFirst approvalMarketing status
VYLEESIbremelanotide acetateNDA 210557DailyMed label: Vyleesi · 2025-11-13COSETTEPrescription

An FDA approval covers a defined medicine, formulation and labelled use. It does not extend to research-labelled material sold under the same compound name. Identity basis: PT-141 is the development name of bremelanotide; the approved product lists bremelanotide acetate (research record PubChem CID 9941379).

Source: Drugs@FDA via openFDA (application records; DailyMed label set IDs) · checked . openFDA data are not intended for clinical decisions.

Drug development record (ChEMBL)

Harmonized drug-development record from ChEMBL. The highest clinical stage is the furthest stage reached, as recorded by ChEMBL; it can lag regulatory approvals, and it is not an approval of a research-supplier product.

ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL2070241
Modality
Protein / peptide
Highest clinical stage
Approved in at least one jurisdiction (ChEMBL phase 4)
Record name
BREMELANOTIDE

Mechanism of action

  • Melanocortin receptor 4 agonist · target: Melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R)
Synonyms, codes and trade names
Trade and brand names (Drugs@FDA)
VYLEESI · VYLEESI (AUTOINJECTOR)
Synonyms and development codes
Bremelanotide · PT-141 · PT-141 FREE BASE

Identity check: Identical standard InChIKey to the PubChem record. Source: ChEMBL CHEMBL2070241 (EMBL-EBI, CC BY-SA 3.0) · retrieved 2026-10-07

Registered clinical trials

Studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov that list Bremelanotide as an intervention. Studies that only measure the molecule as a biomarker, or use it only as a comparator or background arm for another drug, are excluded. A registration describes a planned or completed protocol; it does not report a result. Active studies are listed first.

10 registered studies matched, 1 currently active or recruiting, 4 with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov.

By highest phase
Phase 4 · 2Phase 3 · 3Phase 2 · 4Phase 1 · 1
By registry status
Completed · 9Active Not Recruiting · 1
StudyPhase · statusConditionsSponsor · size
A Phase 2 Study Evaluating the Co-Administration of Bremelanotide With Tirzepatide for the Treatment of ObesityNCT06565611 · start 2024-08-05 · primary completion 2025-02-05Phase 2Active Not RecruitingObesityPalatin Technologies, Inc108 participants
Single Dose of Vyleesi in Lactating Female Subjects to Measure the Concentration of Bremelanotide in Breast MilkNCT06867835 · start 2025-07-11 · primary completion 2025-11-15Phase 4CompletedLactating MotherCosette Pharmaceuticals, Inc.10 participants
A Phase IIb, Multicenter, Open-Label, Prospective Study of Bremelanotide in Diabetic Kidney DiseaseNCT05709444 · start 2022-12-26 · primary completion 2024-04-26Phase 2CompletedKidney DiseasePalatin Technologies, Inc16 participants
A Phase 3, Bridging, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneously Administered Bremelanotide in Premenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (With or Without Decreased Arousal)NCT04943068 · start 2021-05-10 · primary completion 2023-05-16Phase 3CompletedHypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderKwang Dong Pharmaceutical co., ltd.193 participants
Role of the Melanocortin-4 Receptor in Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderNCT04179734 · start 2019-10-07 · primary completion 2020-10-06Phase 4CompletedResults posted 2024-08-09Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderImperial College Healthcare NHS Trust40 participants
Study to Evaluate Rate of Nausea in Healthy Premenopausal Female Subjects Treated With Single Dose of Bremelanotide Alone or With ZofranNCT03973047 · start 2019-06-17 · primary completion 2019-07-19Phase 1CompletedNauseaAMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc.228 participants
2. Study to Evaluate the Efficacy/Safety of Bremelanotide in Premenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderNCT02338960 · start 2015-01 · primary completion 2016-08Phase 3CompletedResults posted 2021-01-28Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderPalatin Technologies, Inc714 participants
1. Study to Evaluate the Efficacy/Safety of Bremelanotide in Premenopausal Women With Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderNCT02333071 · start 2014-12 · primary completion 2016-07Phase 3CompletedResults posted 2020-12-23Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderPalatin Technologies, Inc723 participants
Bremelanotide in Premenopausal Women With Female Sexual Arousal Disorder and/or Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderNCT01382719 · start 2011-06 · primary completion 2012-09Phase 2CompletedResults posted 2014-04-14Female Sexual Arousal Disorder · Hypoactive Sexual Desire DisorderPalatin Technologies, Inc612 participants
Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Bremelanotide in Women With Female Sexual Arousal Disorder (FSAD)NCT00425256 · start 2006-02 · primary completion 2007-05Phase 2CompletedSexual Arousal DisorderPalatin Technologies, IncEnrollment not listed

Registry check 2026-10-09 · Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov

Human intervention studies

Selected studies in which participants received Bremelanotide, with their indexed or reviewed study type. Check the original article for the formulation, population and controls. Studies that only measured the molecule, or used it as a comparator, are listed separately below and are not counted as intervention studies.

  1. Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants

    Safety Profile of Bremelanotide Across the Clinical Development Program.

    Clayton AH, Kingsberg SA, Portman D et al. · Journal of women's health (2002) · 2022

    PMID 35147466 · DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0191 · Registration NCT02333071, NCT02338960

  2. Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants

    Bremelanotide for the Treatment of Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder: Two Randomized Phase 3 Trials.

    Kingsberg SA, Clayton AH, Portman D et al. · Obstetrics and gynecology · 2019

    PMID 31599840 · DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000003500 · Registration NCT02333071, NCT02338960

  3. Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants

    Prespecified and Integrated Subgroup Analyses from the RECONNECT Phase 3 Studies of Bremelanotide.

    Simon JA, Kingsberg SA, Portman D et al. · Journal of women's health (2002) · 2022

    PMID 35230162 · DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2021.0225

  4. Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants

    Salvage of sildenafil failures with bremelanotide: a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study.

    Safarinejad MR, Hosseini SY · The Journal of urology · 2008

    PMID 18206919 · DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.10.063

  5. Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants

    Responder Analyses from a Phase 2b Dose-Ranging Study of Bremelanotide.

    Althof S, Derogatis LR, Greenberg S et al. · The journal of sexual medicine · 2019

    PMID 31277966 · DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.05.012

  6. Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants

    Bremelanotide for female sexual dysfunctions in premenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled dose-finding trial.

    Clayton AH, Althof SE, Kingsberg S et al. · Women's health (London, England) · 2016

    PMID 27181790 · DOI: 10.2217/whe-2016-0018 · Registration NCT01382719

Preclinical research, reviews & other publications

Animal studies, laboratory experiments, reviews and other indexed papers answer different questions. A review is secondary evidence; a case report does not estimate how often an outcome occurs.

  1. Review · secondary evidence

    Bremelanotide: First Approval.

    Dhillon S, Keam SJ · Drugs · 2019

    PMID 31429064 · DOI: 10.1007/s40265-019-01187-w

PT-141 supplier sources

Scientific sources describe molecules and experiments. The commercial links below identify recorded supplier packages. A publication or chemical database entry does not verify the seller, purity, sterility or contents of a lot. Some links are affiliate links; see our disclosure.

PT-141 for sale: compare prices, sizes and forms from every tracked supplier →

SupplierRecorded packagesExample source listing
Blank PeptidesUSD10mg Vial1 recorded offers10mg Vial · $55.00Stale observation · Checked Sep 30, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Vial, Blank Peptides, opens in a new tab
American PeptidesUSD10mg Vial · 10mg Spray2 recorded offers10mg Spray · $90.00Checked Nov 6, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Spray, American Peptides, opens in a new tab
Amino ClubUSD10mg Vial · 15mg Spray2 recorded offers10mg Vial · $29.99Stale observation · Checked Oct 14, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Vial, Amino Club, opens in a new tab
Nova Peptide SupplyUSD10mg Vial1 recorded offers10mg Vial · $39.99Checked Nov 6, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Vial, Nova Peptide Supply, opens in a new tab
Amino USAUSD10mg Vial1 recorded offers10mg Vial · $45.00Checked Nov 6, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Vial, Amino USA, opens in a new tab
Cenexa LabsUSD10mg Vial · 10mg Spray2 recorded offers10mg Vial · $44.99Checked Nov 6, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Vial, Cenexa Labs, opens in a new tab
LA PeptidesUSD10mg Spray · 10mg Vial2 recorded offers10mg Spray · $59.99Checked Nov 3, 2026Supplier listing, PT-141 10mg Spray, LA Peptides, opens in a new tab

Reference sources & further reading

The citations above link directly to publication records. Encyclopedia links are background reading and are not used to establish clinical effectiveness.

Search for additional research

These links run searches; their results have not been individually reviewed and can include unrelated compounds.

Research information is not a dosing guide or a recommendation for personal use. Study findings are specific to the formulation, population and methods tested. Read our source and correction policy.

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