Home / Research library / Thymosin Alpha-1
Thymosin Alpha-1: molecular data, studies & sources
Thymosin Alpha-1 is catalogued here as a research compound. This profile brings together the molecular source record, selected indexed publications and available supplier comparisons. Evidence for a named substance does not authenticate a commercial product.
Compiled by PeptideTech Editors · Sources checked · Selected bibliography, not a systematic review
Molecular formula, weight & structure
- Molecular formula (MF)
- C129H215N33O55
- Molecular weight (MW)
- 3108.3 g/mol
- PubChem compound ID
- 16130571
- Record title
- Thymalfasin
Values describe the selected PubChem molecular entity. Counterions, salt forms, hydration and sequence changes can alter the supplied material. Confirm the exact identity against the supplier specification.
Source: PubChem CID 16130571 · retrieved 2026-09-21
Chemical identifiers and source data
- IUPAC name
- (4S)-4-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S,3S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S,3R)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-[[(2S)-2-acetamido-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxypropanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylpentanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-3-hydroxybutanoyl]amino]-6-aminohexanoyl]amino]-3-carboxypropanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-6-aminohexanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-6-aminohexanoyl]amino]-6-aminohexanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-3-methylbutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]-4-carboxybutanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-[[(1S)-3-amino-1-carboxy-3-oxopropyl]amino]-5-oxopentanoic acid
- InChIKey
- NZVYCXVTEHPMHE-ZSUJOUNUSA-N
- SMILES
- CC[C@H](C)[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=O)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)C
Identifiers & sequence
- PubChem CID
- 16130571
- CAS Registry Number
- 62304-98-7via ChemIDplus, EPA DSSTox, FDA GSRS
- FDA UNII
- W0B22ISQ1C
- ChEMBL ID
- CHEMBL2103979
- InChIKey
- NZVYCXVTEHPMHE-ZSUJOUNUSA-N
Peptide sequence · 28 residues (one-letter code; X marks a residue without a one-letter code)
SDAAVDTSSEITTKDLKEKKEVVEEAEN
Condensed notation with terminal groups and non-standard residues
Ac-Ser-Asp-Ala-Ala-Val-Asp-Thr-Ser-Ser-Glu-Ile-Thr-Thr-Lys-Asp-Leu-Lys-Glu-Lys-Lys-Glu-Val-Val-Glu-Glu-Ala-Glu-Asn-OH
Source: PubChem Biologic Line Notation. A reference sequence for the record, not an analysis of a supplied batch.
CAS numbers are published only from ChemIDplus, EPA DSSTox or the FDA Global Substance Registration System; UNII codes are confirmed in FDA GSRS by structure, sequence or exact name. Checked 2026-10-07.
Calculated molecular descriptors
| Monoisotopic (exact) mass | 3106.5041 Da |
|---|---|
| Heavy atoms | 217 |
| Hydrogen-bond donors | 49 |
| Hydrogen-bond acceptors | 49 |
| Rotatable bonds | 111 |
| Topological polar surface area | 1456.3 Ų |
| Calculated logP (Crippen) | -18.09 |
| Rings | 0 |
| Stereocenters | 32 |
| Formal charge | 0 |
Computed with RDKit from the published SMILES (Crippen logP, topological polar surface area). Calculated descriptors are not measured properties of a supplied batch.
US regulatory status & drug development
Drugs@FDA lists no NDA, BLA or ANDA with thymalfasin as an active ingredient (names searched: THYMALFASIN, THYMOSIN ALPHA 1; checked October 7, 2026). Research-labelled Thymosin Alpha-1 listings are not FDA-approved drugs.
An FDA approval covers a defined medicine, formulation and labelled use. It does not extend to research-labelled material sold under the same compound name. Identity basis: INN thymalfasin and the name thymosin alpha 1 were searched.
Source: Drugs@FDA via openFDA (active-ingredient search for THYMALFASIN, THYMOSIN ALPHA 1) · checked . openFDA data are not intended for clinical decisions.
Drug development record (ChEMBL)
Harmonized drug-development record from ChEMBL. The highest clinical stage is the furthest stage reached, as recorded by ChEMBL; it can lag regulatory approvals, and it is not an approval of a research-supplier product.
- ChEMBL ID
- CHEMBL2103979
- Modality
- Protein / peptide
- Highest clinical stage
- Phase 3
- Record name
- THYMALFASIN
Mechanism of action
- Unknown
Synonyms, codes and trade names
- Synonyms and development codes
- Thymalfasin
Identity check: Identical standard InChIKey to the PubChem record. Source: ChEMBL CHEMBL2103979 (EMBL-EBI, CC BY-SA 3.0) · retrieved 2026-10-07
Registered clinical trials
Studies registered on ClinicalTrials.gov that list Thymosin Alpha-1 as an intervention. Studies that only measure the molecule as a biomarker, or use it only as a comparator or background arm for another drug, are excluded. A registration describes a planned or completed protocol; it does not report a result. Active studies are listed first.
38 registered studies matched, 9 currently active or recruiting, 2 with results posted on ClinicalTrials.gov.
- By highest phase
- Phase 4 · 3Phase 3 · 5Phase 2 · 23Phase 1 · 2Early phase 1 · 1Not applicable · 4
- By registry status
- Completed · 16Unknown · 9Recruiting · 5Not Yet Recruiting · 3Withdrawn · 3Active Not Recruiting · 1Terminated · 1
| Study | Phase · status | Conditions | Sponsor · size |
|---|---|---|---|
| AI-assisted Subtyping-directed Precision Treatment in Acute Aortic DissectionNCT07382375 · start 2027-12-31 · primary completion 2027-12-31 | Not applicableNot Yet Recruiting | Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection | Nanjing Medical University300 participants |
| Study of Adebrelimab Combined With Thymalfasin and Chemotherapy for Neoadjuvant Treatment of Esophageal CancerNCT07780721 · start 2026-08-30 · primary completion 2028-08-01 | Phase 2Not Yet Recruiting | Esophageal Cancer | The Affiliated Hospital of Putian University31 participants |
| "Thymalfasin Immunotherapy Study with Triple Regimen in Advanced MSS/pMMR Colorectal Cancer"NCT06829355 · start 2025-02-11 · primary completion 2025-12-31 | Phase 2Recruiting | MCRC | Beijing Friendship Hospital52 participants |
| Thymalfasin (Thymosin Alpha 1; Ta1) as an Enhancer of Vaccine Response Among Older Adults Receiving Booster Doses of COVID-19 VaccineNCT06821100 · start 2024-12-02 · primary completion 2026-12-01 | Phase 1Recruiting | Vaccine Response · COVID-19 Vaccine · Immune Response to Covid 19 Vaccination | The Methodist Hospital Research Institute75 participants |
| Radiotherapy With Sequential Chemotherapy Combined With PD-1 Inhibitor and Thymalfasin for BRPCNCT06573398 · start 2024-09-01 · primary completion 2025-09-01 | Phase 2Not Yet Recruiting | Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal | Ruijin Hospital20 participants |
| Thymalfasin and Recombinant Human IL-2 Injections in Treating Lymphocytopenia for Patients With Malignant Hematological TumorsNCT06584006 · start 2024-09-01 · primary completion 2027-11-30 | Phase 2Recruiting | Hematological Malignancy · Lymphocytopenia | The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University50 participants |
| Efficacy and Safety of Anti-PD-1, Thymalfasin, and SOX in Neoadjuvant Treatment of cStage III Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction AdenocarcinomaNCT06461910 · start 2024-06-14 · primary completion 2026-01-28 | Phase 2Recruiting | Gastric Cancer · Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinoma | Zekuan Xu30 participants |
| Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Combined With PD-1 Inhibitor and Thymalfasin for pMMR/MSS Locally Advanced Mid-low Rectal CancerNCT06056804 · start 2024-01-03 · primary completion 2024-12-01 | Phase 2Active Not Recruiting | Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer | Beijing Friendship Hospital20 participants |
| Thymosin Alpha 1 Combined With Anti-PD-1 Monoclonal Antibody in Elderly Patients With Advanced MelanomaNCT07644897 · start 2023-05-30 · primary completion 2027-05-30 | Phase 2Recruiting | Melanoma · Immune-related Adverse Event · Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor | Sun Yat-sen University55 participants |
| Neoadjuvant With Tα1 Plus Immuno-chemotherapy for Resectable NSCLCNCT06607926 · start 2024-10-15 · primary completion 2025-06-30 | Not applicableUnknown | Resectable Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer | Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing40 participants |
Show 28 more registered studies
| Study | Phase · status | Conditions | Sponsor · size |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Combined With PD-1 Inhibitor and Thymalfasin for Locally Advanced Mid-low Rectal CancerNCT06024356 · start 2023-09-20 · primary completion 2026-04-30 | Not applicableCompleted | Colorectal Neoplasms | Beijing Friendship Hospital47 participants |
| Thymalfasin-based PRaG Mode for Advanced Refractory Solid TumorsNCT05790447 · start 2023-04-01 · primary completion 2025-05 | Phase 2Unknown | Advanced Solid Tumor · Refractory Tumor | Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University60 participants |
| Zadaxin and HIV-positive Patients With Immune Reconstitution DisorderNCT04963712 · start 2021-09-01 · primary completion 2022-07-22 | Early phase 1Completed | HIV-1-infection | Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center20 participants |
| Thymosin Alpha 1 to Prevent COVID-19 Infection in Renal Dialysis PatientsNCT04428008 · start 2021-01-12 · primary completion 2023-01-19 | Phase 2CompletedResults posted 2026-04-21 | COVID-19 | William B. Ershler, MD189 participants |
| Thymalfasin (Thymosin Alpha 1) to Treat COVID-19 InfectionNCT04487444 · start 2020-09-10 · primary completion 2023-02-03 | Phase 2TerminatedWhy stopped: The study was terminated due to slow enrollment and the transfer of the PI to another institution. | Covid19 | Rhode Island Hospital56 participants |
| Experimental Trial of rhIFNα Nasal Drops to Prevent 2019-nCOV in Medical StaffNCT04320238 · start 2020-01-21 · primary completion 2020-05 | Phase 3Unknown | 2019 Novel Coronavirus Infection | Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine2944 participants |
| Study of Thymosin α1 to Reduce Acute Pneumonia For Bulky None-small Cell Lung CancerNCT03659578 · start 2018-08-09 · primary completion 2021-09-30 | Phase 2Completed | Non-small Cell Lung Cancer | Sun Yat-sen University69 participants |
| Thymosin Alpha 1 in the Prevention of Pancreatic Infection Following Acute Necrotizing PancreatitisNCT02473406 · start 2018-03-27 · primary completion 2020-12-24 | Phase 4Completed | Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing | Weiqin Li508 participants |
| First Line Bio-immunotherapy With Thymosin Alpha 1 in Patients With Sensitizing EGFR Mutation Positive Non Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Are Taking Standard of Care TherapyNCT02906163 · start 2016-10 · primary completion 2019-12 | Phase 1 / Phase 2Unknown | EGFR Mutation Positive Non Small Cell Lung Cancer | SciClone Pharmaceuticals188 participants |
| The Efficacy and Safety of Ta1 for SepsisNCT02867267 · start 2016-09-06 · primary completion 2021-01-22 | Phase 3Completed | Sepsis | Sun Yat-sen University1106 participants |
| Thymosin Alpha 1 Plus Maintenance Therapy With the Standard of Care (SoC) in Patients With Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC), EGFR Wild TypeNCT02906150 · start 2016-09 · primary completion 2019-05 | Phase 2Unknown | Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer | SciClone Pharmaceuticals140 participants |
| Radiotherapy Combined With Thymosin for Metastatic NSCLC Patients Who Showed Stable Disease After First Line TKI TherapyNCT02787447 · start 2016-05 · primary completion 2017-12 | Phase 2Unknown | Lung Adenocarcinoma | First People's Hospital of Hangzhou46 participants |
| Efficacy of Thymosin Alpha 1 on Improving Monocyte Function for SepsisNCT02883595 · start 2016-03-31 · primary completion 2016-09-30 | Phase 4Completed | Sepsis | Sun Yat-sen University20 participants |
| Abscopal Effect for Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.NCT02542930 · start 2016-01 · primary completion 2018-12 | Phase 2WithdrawnWhy stopped: No recruitment. | Non-small Cell Lung Cancer · Metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer · Radiotherapy · Thymalfasin | Zhejiang Provincial People's HospitalEnrollment not listed |
| SBRT Combined With Thymalfasin for Metastatic Esophageal CancerNCT02545751 · start 2016-01 · primary completion 2017-12 | Phase 2Unknown | Esophageal Cancer · Metastatic Esophageal Cancer · Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy · Thymalfasin | Hangzhou Cancer Hospital29 participants |
| Abscopal Effect for Metastatic Colorectal CancerNCT02535988 · start 2015-09 · primary completion 2017-01 | Phase 2WithdrawnWhy stopped: No recruitment. | Colorectal Cancer · Metastatic Colorectal Cancer · Thymalfasin | Zhejiang Provincial People's HospitalEnrollment not listed |
| Abscopal Effect for Metastatic Small Cell Lung CancerNCT02542137 · start 2015-09 · primary completion 2018-12 | Phase 2WithdrawnWhy stopped: No recruitment. | Small Cell Lung Cancer · Radiotherapy · Thymalfasin | Zhejiang Provincial People's HospitalEnrollment not listed |
| Thymalfasin Adjuvant Therapy in Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) After Curative ResectionNCT02281266 · start 2015-01 · primary completion 2018-06 | Phase 4Unknown | Curable Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma | Jia Fan360 participants |
| Therapeutic Safety and Efficacy of REP 2139 (REP 9AC') in HBV Infected PatientsNCT02646189 · start 2011-08 · primary completion 2013-08 | Phase 1 / Phase 2Completed | Hepatitis B, Chronic | Replicor Inc.12 participants |
| A Pilot Study to Evaluate ZADAXIN's® (Thymalfasin) Ability to Enhance Immune Response to the H1N1sw Influenza VaccineNCT01031966 · start 2009-11 · primary completion 2010-05 | Phase 2Completed | END STAGE RENAL DISEASE | sigma-tau i.f.r. S.p.A.120 participants |
| Efficacy of Thymosin alpha1 for Severe SepsisNCT00711620 · start 2008-05 · primary completion 2010-12 | Not applicableCompleted | Severe Sepsis | Sun Yat-sen University366 participants |
| Thymosin Alfa 1 in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Transplantation for Hematological MalignanciesNCT00580450 · start 2007-12 · primary completion 2007-12 | Phase 1 / Phase 2Unknown | Hematological Malignancies | University Of Perugia9 participants |
| Thymosin Alpha-1 in Combination With Peg-Interferon Alfa- 2a and Ribavirin for the Therapy of Chronic Hepatitis C Nonresponsive to the Combination of IFN and Ribavirin.NCT01178996 · start 2004-12 · primary completion 2008-05 | Phase 3Completed | Chronic Hepatitis C | sigma-tau i.f.r. S.p.A.552 participants |
| Thymosin Alpha 1, Interferon Alpha, or Both, in Combination With Dacarbazine in Patients With Malignant MelanomaNCT00911443 · start 2002-07 · primary completion 2007-09 | Phase 2CompletedResults posted 2009-06-02 | Malignant Melanoma | sigma-tau i.f.r. S.p.A.488 participants |
| Thymosin Plus PEG-Interferon in Hepatitis C Patients With Cirrhosis Who Did Not Respond to Interferon or Interferon Plus RibavirinNCT00039962 · start 2002-05 | Phase 3Completed | Hepatitis C · Hepatitis C, Chronic | SciClone Pharmaceuticals500 participants |
| Thymosin Plus PEG-Interferon in Non-Cirrhotic Hepatitis C Patients Who Did Not Respond to Interferon or Interferon Plus RibavirinNCT00040027 · start 2002-04 | Phase 3Completed | Hepatitis C · Hepatitis C, Chronic | SciClone Pharmaceuticals500 participants |
| The Safety and Effectiveness of a Type of Interleukin-2 Plus Zidovudine Plus Thymosin in HIV-Positive Patients With and Without Symptoms of InfectionNCT00001036 | Phase 1Completed | HIV Infections | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)12 participants |
| A Trial of Thymalfasin in Adult Patients With Hepatocellular CarcinomaNCT00082082 | Phase 2Completed | Carcinoma, Hepatocellular | SciClone PharmaceuticalsEnrollment not listed |
Registry check 2026-10-09 · Run this search on ClinicalTrials.gov
Human intervention studies
Selected studies in which participants received Thymosin Alpha-1, with their indexed or reviewed study type. Check the original article for the formulation, population and controls. Studies that only measured the molecule, or used it as a comparator, are listed separately below and are not counted as intervention studies.
- Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants
Thymosin alpha 1 is associated with improved cellular immunity and reduced infection rate in severe acute pancreatitis patients in a double-blind randomized control study.
Wang X, Li W, Niu C et al. · Inflammation · 2011
PMID 20549321 · DOI: 10.1007/s10753-010-9224-1
- Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants
A randomized, controlled, clinical study of thymosin alpha-1 versus interferon-alpha in [corrected] patients with chronic hepatitis B lacking HBeAg in China [corrected].
You J, Zhuang L, Cheng HY et al. · Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA · 2005
PMID 15759817 · DOI: 10.1016/s1726-4901(09)70137-6
- Human study · PubMed trial index Compound given to participants
Polyethylene glycol-modified interleukin-2 and thymosin alpha 1 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Ramachandran R, Katzenstein DA, Winters MA et al. · The Journal of infectious diseases · 1996
PMID 8603940 · DOI: 10.1093/infdis/173.4.1005
Preclinical research, reviews & other publications
Animal studies, laboratory experiments, reviews and other indexed papers answer different questions. A review is secondary evidence; a case report does not estimate how often an outcome occurs.
- Review · secondary evidence
Thymosin alpha-1.
Ancell CD, Phipps J, Young L et al. · American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2001
PMID 11381492 · DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/58.10.886
- Review · secondary evidence
Aging and Thymosin Alpha-1.
Simonova MA, Ivanov I, Shoshina NS et al. · International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
PMID 41373628 · DOI: 10.3390/ijms262311470
- Research publication · design requires review
Thymosin alpha-1 treatment in chronic hepatitis B.
Wu X, Jia J, You H et al. · Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2015
PMID 25640173 · DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.1007948
Thymosin Alpha-1 supplier sources
Scientific sources describe molecules and experiments. The commercial links below identify recorded supplier packages. A publication or chemical database entry does not verify the seller, purity, sterility or contents of a lot. Some links are affiliate links; see our disclosure.
Thymosin Alpha-1 for sale: compare prices, sizes and forms from every tracked supplier →
Reference sources & further reading
- PubChem compound record 16130571 — chemical identity and structure.
- ChEMBL drug record CHEMBL2103979 — development stage, mechanism and synonyms.
- FDA Global Substance Registration System: UNII W0B22ISQ1C — substance identity, names and codes.
The citations above link directly to publication records. Encyclopedia links are background reading and are not used to establish clinical effectiveness.
Search for additional research
These links run searches; their results have not been individually reviewed and can include unrelated compounds.
Research information is not a dosing guide or a recommendation for personal use. Study findings are specific to the formulation, population and methods tested. Read our source and correction policy.
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